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Queen/Empress of Iran from 1959 to 1979

Farah Pahlavi (Persian: فرح پهلوی; née Diba [دیبا]; born 14 October 1938) is the former Queen and last Empress (شهبانو, Shahbânu) of Iran and is the widow of the last Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

She was born into a prosperous Iranian family whose fortunes were diminished after her father's early death. While studying architecture in Paris, she was introduced to Mohammad Reza at the Iranian embassy, and they were married in December 1959.

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The Shah's first two marriages had not produced a son—necessary for royal succession—resulting in great rejoicing at the birth of Crown Prince Reza in October of the following year. As a philanthropist, she progressed Iranian civil society through many charities, and founded Iran's first American-style university, enabling more women to become students in the country.

She also facilitated the buying-back of Iranian antiquities from museums abroad.

By 1978, growing anti